An interview is a question and answer activity carried out by one or more interviewers with one or a number of resource persons who aim to explore information or confirm an issue.
In the interview activity, there are ways that can be done so that this activity can run well, effectively, and correctly, namely by paying attention to several things that must be considered by the interviewer, including the attitude that must be possessed by an interviewer, preparation before the interview, and when interviewing take place. The following are things that must be considered before conducting an interview.
The attitude the interviewer must have
The first way is to pay attention to the attitude that the interviewer must have. Make sure these attitudes are in an interviewer so that the resource person does not feel disturbed and cooperative with the interview activity.
Attitudes - these attitudes include:
1. Friendly
An interviewer must be friendly to potential sources. With this friendly attitude, of course the resource person will be happy so they want to give their time to be interviewed.
2. Fair
Fairly meant is that the interviewer does not take sides with a particular group and the interviewer must treat all respondents equally, so that the interviewees do not feel pressured, judged or even ostracized.
3. Neutral
This attitude is an attitude that must be possessed by the interviewer when the question and answer activity is ongoing. They may not comment on opinions issued by the resource person, such as approving or even rejecting the opinion of the source.
4. Avoid Tension
When the interview is in progress, create conditions that are conducive to avoiding tension, so that the speaker does not feel judged. If something like that happens, the interviewee has the right to cancel the interview or ask not to write down the results of the interview.
Preparation Before Interview
The second way is to prepare before the interview. This is done so that this activity is directed, so that the interview will be effective. Preparations that must be done include:
1. Contact or confirm potential interviewees whether they are ready or willing to be interviewed both directly and indirectly.
2. Preparing the theme, or information to be explored from the resource person by compiling a list of questions to be asked. Try to make a good question by paying attention to the completeness of the elements in the news text, namely 5W + 1H, including what, who, why, where, when, and how. This is done so that the interview will be directed and not too time consuming.
3. Preparing the tools needed when an interview is taking place, such as a notebook, pen, or recording device. These tools are very important to be prepared so that the information provided by the resource person can be obtained.
4. Pay attention to how to dress. The interviewer should look neat so as not to create a bad impression on the resource person. Also, pay attention to the style of speech and attitude when the interview will begin.
5. Creating a good impression. Come on what time if you have made an agreement with the previous resource person, or ask kindly so that the resource person respects you and is willing to be interviewed.
When the interview takes place
The next way is to pay attention to general techniques when conducting an interview. The following are general guidelines when conducting an interview.
1. Introduce your identity first and where you came from. This is to avoid suspicions that might arise in the resource person, so that they can calmly answer the questions that will be asked.
2. Make an indirect approach and create a conducive atmosphere with the resource person. This can be done by asking the identity of the resource person and can also ask the resource person about their hobby or pleasure. If the conversation has begun to warm up, then connect it to the topic that you will talk about.
3. Start with light questions first and then go to difficult questions and require a longer explanation.
4. Listen to the resource person when answering the question together and write the answers by writing the points only. If using a recording device, make sure the recording device is running properly.
5. Never once cut off the speaker talk while talking. If they have finished answering, then the interviewer asks other questions.
6. It is better for us to respond to the resource person with a response - a simple response such as nodding so that the resource person feels cared for.
7. Never ask the resource person to repeat the answers that have been expressed.
8. Avoid questions that can offend, corner, or judge sources.
9. After the interview is over, try to keep creating a warm atmosphere by expressing gratitude and praying for the speakers.
10. After that, write the results of the interview into a news text with a good and correct arrangement.
These are the ways that must be considered before starting an interview, so that this activity can work well and effectively.
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